| Federal Republic of Germany Bundesrepublik Deutschland
Location central
Europe
Bordered By Denmark, Poland, Czech Republic, Austria, Switzerland, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, Netherlands
Area 137,810 sq mi
(357,021 sq km)
Coastline 1,484 mi (2,389 km)
Highest Point Zugspitze; 9,721 ft (2,963
km)
Lowest Point Neuendorf bei Wilster;
-11.6 ft (-3.54 m)
Natural Resources coal, lignite, natural
gas, iron ore, copper, nickel, uranium, potash, salt,
construction materials, timber, arable land
Nationality German
Population (July 2016 est) 80,722,792
Largest Cities Essen, Frankfurt, Berlin, Düsseldorf, Cologne
Ethnic Groups German, Turkish
Religions Protestant, Roman Catholic,
Muslim
Languages German
Capital Berlin
Present Constitution Adopted October 3,
1990
Form of Government federal republic
Chief of State President Joachim Gauck
(since March 23, 2012)
Head of Government Chancellor Angela Merkel
(since November 22, 2005)
Cabinet Cabinet (Bundesminister) appointed by
President
Legislature bicameral Parliament (Parlament)
Judiciary Federal Constitutional Court
(Bundesverfassungsgericht)
Local Administration 16 states
Currency Euro
Per Capita Income $34,400
Industries iron, steel, coal, cement,
chemicals, machinery, vehicles, machine tools,
electronics, food and beverages, shipbuilding, textiles
Agricultural Products potatoes, wheat, barley,
sugar beets, fruit, cabbages; cattle, pigs, poultry
Export Commodities machinery, vehicles,
chemicals, metals and manufactures, foodstuffs, textiles
Import Commodities machinery, vehicles,
chemicals, foodstuffs, textiles, metals
Independence Achieved
January 18, 1871 (German Empire unification)
National Holiday Unity Day
(reunification of East and West Germany); October 3
(1990)
Flag three equal horizontal bands of
black, red, and gold; the colors have played an
important role in German history and can be traced back
to the medieval banner of the Holy Roman Emperor, a black
eagle with red claws and beak on a gold field
SEE ALSO
Denmark
Poland
Czech Republic
Austria
Switzerland
France
Luxembourg
Belgium
Netherlands
Berlin
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